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Gdańsk (, English pronunciation , (ドイツ語:Danzig), , also known by other alternative names) is a Polish city on the Baltic coast, the capital of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland's principal seaport and the centre of the country's fourth-largest metropolitan area.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Poland – largest cities (per geographical entity) )〕 The city lies on the southern edge of Gdańsk Bay (of the Baltic Sea), in a conurbation with the city of Gdynia, spa town of Sopot, and suburban communities, which together form a metropolitan area called the Tricity (''Trójmiasto''), with a population near 1,400,000. Gdańsk itself has a population of 460,427 (December 2012), making it the largest city in the Pomerania region of Northern Poland. Gdańsk is the historical capital of Gdańsk Pomerania and the largest city of Kashubia. The city was close to the former late medieval boundary between West Slavic and Germanic seized lands and it has a complex political history with periods of Polish rule, periods of German rule, and extensive self-rule, with two spells as a free city. Between the World Wars, the Free City of Danzig was in a customs union with Poland and was located between German East Prussia and the "Polish corridor" to the sea where the harbour of Gdynia grew up. Gdańsk has been part of modern Poland since 1945. Gdańsk is situated at the mouth of the Motława River, connected to the Leniwka, a branch in the delta of the nearby Vistula River, whose waterway system supplies 60% of the area of Poland and connects Gdańsk to the national capital in Warsaw. This gives the city a unique advantage as the center of Poland's sea trade. Together with the nearby port of Gdynia, Gdańsk is also an important industrial centre. Historically an important seaport and shipbuilding centre, Gdańsk was a member of the Hanseatic League. The city was the birthplace of the Solidarity movement which under the leadership of Lech Wałęsa, played a major role in bringing an end to Communist rule across Central Europe. ==Names== The city's name is thought to originate from the Gdania River,〔(From the history of Gdańsk city name, as explained at Gdańsk Guide )〕 the original name of the Motława branch on which the city is situated. Like many other Central European cities, Gdańsk has had many different names throughout its history. The name of a settlement was recorded after St. Adalbert's death in AD 997 as ''urbs Gyddanyzc'' and later was written as ''Kdanzk'' in 1148, ''Gdanzc'' in 1188, ''Danceke'' in 1228, ''Gdansk'' in 1236,〔Also in 1454, 1468, 1484, and 1590〕 ''Danzc'' in 1263, ''Danczk'' in 1311,〔Also in 1399, 1410, and 1414–1438〕 ''Danczik'' in 1399,〔〔Also in 1410, 1414〕 ''Danczig '' in 1414, and ''Gdąnsk'' in 1656. In Polish the modern name of the city is pronounced . In English (where the diacritic over the "n" is frequently omitted) the usual pronunciation is or . The German name, "Danzig", is pronounced as . The city's Latin name may be given as either ''Gedania'', ''Gedanum'' or ''Dantiscum''; the variety of Latin names reflects the mixed influence of the city's Polish, German and Kashubian heritage. Other former spellings of the name include ''Dantzig'', ''Dantsic'' and ''Dantzic''. Ceremonial names on special occasions the city is also referred to as "The Royal Polish City of Gdańsk" (Polish ''Królewskie Polskie Miasto Gdańsk'', Latin ''Regia Civitas Polonica Gedanensis'', Kashubian ''Królewsczi Polsczi Gard Gduńsk'').〔Gdańsk, in: Kazimierz Rymut, ''Nazwy Miast Polski'', Ossolineum, Wrocław 1987〕〔Hubert Gurnowicz, ''Gdańsk'', in: ''Nazwy miast Pomorza Gdańskiego'', Ossolineum, Wrocław 1978〕〔''Baedeker's Northern Germany'', Karl Baedeker Publishing, Leipzig 1904〕 In the Kashubian language the city is called ''Gduńsk''. Kashubians also use the name "Our Capital City Gduńsk" (''Nasz Stoleczny Gard Gduńsk'') or "The Kashubian Capital City Gduńsk" (''Stoleczny Kaszëbsczi Gard Gduńsk''). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gdańsk」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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